Pakistan Languages and Humanities Review

The Dynamics of AI Tools: Analyzing the Impact on University Students' Experiences and Learning Outcomes

2026-04-10T13:31:07+05:00

The emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has revolutionized the education system by offering new technologies that improve educational process. This study explores the impacts of AI on the experiences and learning outcomes of the university students. The study has three main objectives: the evaluation of the effects of AI use on students learning outcomes; their experiences with AI; and the comparison of their experiences with those without AI. 366 undergraduate students from three HEC-recognized universities in Islamabad- the National University of Modern Languages (NUML), Quaid-e-Azam University (QAU), and International Islamic University (IIU) - were involved in the quantitative data collection process. However, a considerable positive connection was found between AI integration and students’ learning experiences. Higher academic achievements, more individualized learning experiences, and enhanced engagement were reported by students who use AI. Additionally, AI solution can offer instant feedback, sophisticated lear4ning pathways, and tailored recommendations that are streamline with each individual learning preferences and tendencies. The results highlighted the breakthrough potentials of AI in educational settings. It demonstrates that its implementation can boost students’ interaction and academic performance considerably. Due to its adaptive and tailored suggestions along with instant feedbacks, AI tools such as ChatGPT, chatbots, Grammarly and Google AI are increasingly employed for learning. Thus, in order to enhance students’ learning experiences and academic performance, and pave the way for future advancement in education, the responsible use of AI should be encouraged by incorporating AI into universities curricula.

Exploring the Role of Classroom Participation in Enhancing English-Speaking Skills among University Students

2026-04-10T13:34:07+05:00

This research aims to examine the connection between classroom involvement and learning of English speaking skills among the university students. English-speaking skill has assumed an important position among the students in the universities in a world that is slowly turning into a global one in academic and professional practices. Since they have studied English over the years, most students struggle to communicate in English since they have not enough time to engage actively in classroom. The regular teacher-centered approaches are more likely to discourage student participation resulting in lack of confidence and ineffective speaking abilities. The present study discusses the relationship between the engagement in classrooms and the process of English-speaking development in the context of university students with special focus on the significance of multimodal learning practices. Based on the Multimodal Learning Theory, developed by Kress (2010), the proposed study uses mixed-method research design, whereby a structured questionnaire has been used in the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data among the students of the University of Gujrat. The results show that there is a strong positive relation between classroom participation and development of major speaking skills such as fluency, confidence, vocabulary and pronunciation. The other activities such as group discussion, presentation and peer communications were noted to have a very positive effect on the communicative competence of the students. Multimodal features such as visual aids, gestures, online tools were also incorporated and this also added to the learning of language. The role of creating interactive and student-centered learning environments is underlined in the study. The results suggest that educators should consider adopting the participatory and multimodal teaching practice as a way of facilitating successful language learning. The findings have practical implications for enhancing English speaking skills in higher education, particularly in the context of English as a Second Language (ESL).

Symbiotic Subjectivities and Posthuman Cartography of Identity in Iftikhar’s Divided Species and Chambers’ The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet

2026-04-18T18:30:47+05:00

In this paper, the authors discuss Iftikhar’s Divided Species and Chambers’ The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet in the light of Hayles’ How We Became Posthuman: Virtual Bodies in Cybernetics, Literature, and Informatics. This paper advocates for a version of posthumanism that promotes long-time and peaceful coexistence of biological, artificial, and human life in the universe by highlighting inclusivity, diversity, and interspecies cohabitation in a technologically driven society. It focuses on identity, fragmented embodiment, distributed consciousness, and the symbiotic relationship between humans, artificial intelligence, and other species, as well as the challenges they face in adaptation of identity in a digitally saturated environment, with reference to human and nonhuman beings. With the combination of fantastic and realistic elements, Divided Species portrays unstable identity empathy, greed, interspecies conflict, xenophobia, and societal influences on career choices in a multispecies environment, ultimately revealing transformative power and culminating in a profound understanding of harmony and interspecies symbiosis. Similarly, The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet a social commentary about identity, belonging, family, community, trauma, grief, healing, diversity, inclusiveness, personal growth, self-discovery, and existential dilemmas chronicles the adventures of a multispecies crew on board the spacecraft Wayfarer as they travel to a far-off planet to negotiate a peace treaty. It presents a posthuman society based on cooperation and crosscultural interaction. The protagonist, Rosemary flees a difficult background and learns to live and grow as a person in multispecies crew. This study includes elements that vary from previous science fiction writings and represents a big transition in science fiction genre. Divided Species’ setting of modern Karachi, a Pakistani metropolis, decenters western hegemony, and The Long Way to a Small, Angry Planet decenters imperialistic space exploration. This paper emphasizes cross-cultural understanding and information exchange among species, revealing the global scope of human and posthuman development.

Impact of Infrastructure on Student Learning Outcomes in SEF’S FAS Schools in Sindh

2026-04-23T13:22:48+05:00

The research examine the impact of infrastructure encompassing classroom environment, school facilities, learning resources, recreational facilities, and sanitation on academic performance in SEF's Foundation Assisted Schools (FAS) in Sindh, with a specific focus on the mediating role of student engagement. A total of 481 student participants were recruited using purposive sampling. The data was obtained through a closed -ended structured questionnaire with the use of 5 point Likert scale. Smart PLS was used for data analysis because of the complexity of the model and a survey method was utilized for data collection. The result indicated that classroom environment, school facilities, learning resources, recreational facilities, sanitation and hygiene all have a positive impact on student engagement and academic performance while student engagement has a positive effect on academic performance. Similarly, the impact of class environment, school facilities, learning resources, recreational facilities, and sanitation and hygiene facilities on academic performance is positively mediated by student engagement. Thereby, if students are more engaged and more likely to perform well in a well and clean school, academic outcomes also improve. The educational system needs to tackle issues of infrastructure and engagement in the classroom to help students do well and succeed educationally.

From Seoul to Mumbai: A Comparative Analysis of How K-Pop and I-Pop Shape New Forms of English in Global Entertainment

2026-04-25T17:17:03+05:00

This research explores how English is used in two major Asian music industries which are K-Pop and I-Pop. In different digital platforms English is now spreading faster and it appears in new hybrid forms so, this study compares how Asian music adopt English differently. It uses a qualitative content analysis of 20 selected songs, 10 from each industry to understand the purposes. Using Kachru’s (1985) Three Circles Model because it highlights each industry’s position. The findings show clear contrasts. As in K-Pop, English is used mainly for symbolic reasons while on the other hand, Indian Pop uses English as a natural part of India’s multilingual culture. Overall, this study contributes to cultural exchange, identity formation and ongoing evolution of world English. Future studies can look more deeply at how English in different industries changes over time. Researchers can study larger samples of songs to understand the language patterns more accurately.