Language Dynamics among Pahari Speakers: Trends in Language Use and Shift over Time

Abstract

This study aims to explore the language dynamics among Pahari speakers, focusing on language choices during social interactions and the pattern of language shift in the Poonchi dialect of Pahari. It also aims to find out the linguistic preferences and shifts within the Pahari-speaking community. Using a stratified random sampling technique, data were collected from 300 respondents through a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire, designed in a multiple-choice format, facilitated the collection of relevant information from the informants. The major findings reveal a notable trend towards the adoption and promotion of Urdu and English among Pahari speakers, influenced by the increasing exposure to Urdu in academic and social settings and the global prominence of English. The linguistic landscape in Rawalakot, district Poonch reflects a pattern of multilingualism, where individuals possess varying levels of proficiency in Pahari, Urdu, and English. The fourth generation shows a pronounced shift towards bilingualism in Urdu and English, signaling a diminishing proficiency in Pahari. The study suggests a trajectory of language shift from Pahari towards Urdu and English, driven by socio-economic factors and changing societal norms.