Cybersecurity in Pakistan: Public Opinion and the Effectiveness of Government Response

Abstract

In the digitalization world, Pakistan faces challenges due to the expansion of online social media and financial frauds. Cyberattacks such as malware, phishing, and hacking make cybersecurity awareness necessary among the citizens and at the national level. This study examines the public opinion on cybersecurity awareness and government initiatives. A quantitative research approach was adopted using an online survey that was designed to collect data from 400 participants. The results show that cyber security awareness, knowledge of government initiatives, and cyber law remain limited. Many citizens use security practices, but citizens' behavior—clicking suspicious links—faces cyberattacks. The study further shows that experiences of cybercrimes negatively impact public trust. The report concludes that strengthening institutional collaboration, public awareness campaigns, and law enforcement are essential to improving cybersecurity governance and rebuilding public confidence in Pakistan.